What Is Qurban? A Complete Guide to Its Meaning and Practice in Islam

Qurban, also known as Udhiyah, is one of the most highly encouraged acts of worship in Islam, especially for those who are financially capable. This ritual takes place annually on the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah, coinciding with Eid al-Adha, and continues for the next three days, known as Tashreeq days.

The Meaning of Qurban in Islam

Linguistically, the word qurban is derived from the Arabic root q-r-b, meaning “to draw near.” In Islamic practice, qurban refers to the ritual slaughter of specific livestock as an act of worship to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala. It is performed according to Islamic teachings and follows the Sunnah (tradition) of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.

The Legacy of Prophet Ibrahim (AS)

The origin of qurban traces back to the powerful story of Prophet Ibrahim (AS) and his son, Prophet Ismail (AS). As narrated in the Qur’an, Allah tested Prophet Ibrahim’s faith by commanding him to sacrifice his beloved son. Both father and son submitted wholeheartedly to Allah’s will. But just as the act was about to be carried out, Allah replaced Ismail with a ram, demonstrating His mercy.

This story has become a timeless symbol of obedience, sincerity, and submission to Allah, values that form the spiritual foundation of qurban.

The Purpose and Wisdom Behind Qurban

Here are the key reasons why Muslims observe this sacred ritual:

To Draw Closer to Allah
Qurban is a powerful expression of faith and devotion. By offering a sacrifice, Muslims demonstrate their obedience and sincerity to Allah’s commandments.

To Follow the Example of Prophet Ibrahim (AS)
The act of qurban serves as a reminder of Prophet Ibrahim’s unwavering trust in Allah, encouraging believers to embody the same level of submission in their own lives.

To Express Gratitude
Sacrificing an animal becomes a way of showing gratitude for the blessings and sustenance that Allah has provided.

To Share Blessings and Strengthen Social Bonds
The meat from the sacrifice is distributed among family, neighbors, and especially those in need. Fostering a sense of community and reducing social inequality.

To Cultivate Sincerity and Selflessness
Qurban teaches Muslims to let go of what they cherish for the sake of Allah, a lesson in detachment, sincerity, and the true meaning of sacrifice.

Requirements and Guidelines for Performing Qurban

To ensure that the qurban is valid and accepted, certain conditions must be met:

Who Can Perform Qurban?

A Muslim
Of sound mind and has reached maturity (baligh)
Financially able, meaning they have surplus wealth beyond their daily needs

Eligible Animals for Qurban

Sheep/Goat: Minimum 1 year old (or at least 6 months if physically mature)
Cattle (Cow or Buffalo): Minimum 2 years old, can be shared by up to 7 people
Camel: Minimum 5 years old, can be shared by up to 10 people (commonly practiced in certain regions)

All animals must be:

Healthy and free from defects
Not blind, severely lame, underweight, or physically impaired

Timing of the Sacrifice

Starts after the Eid al-Adha prayer on the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah
Ends before sunset on the 13th of Dhu al-Hijjah

Proper Method of Slaughter

Must be performed by someone knowledgeable
The animal should face the Qiblah
Basmala (In the name of Allah) and Takbir (Allahu Akbar) must be recited
The animal must be treated with kindness and not be subjected to unnecessary suffering

Intention (Niyyah)

The qurban must be done solely for the sake of Allah, with a sincere heart

How Qurban Meat Should Be Distributed

Traditionally, the meat from the qurban is divided into three equal portions:

One-third for the person offering the sacrifice and their household
One-third for relatives and neighbors
One-third for the poor and those in need

Qurban: A Meaningful Act of Worship

Qurban is far more than the act of slaughtering an animal. It is a profound expression of faith, compassion, and social responsibility. Amid life’s many trials, qurban reminds us to stay grateful, give generously, and uphold the values taught by the prophets.

This Eid al-Adha, fulfill your qurban with ease through Kurban Online on Muamalat DIN. May Allah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala grant us all the ability and sincerity to perform this blessed act of worship wholeheartedly.